And Never Again Will They Learn War

Converting weapons to peaceful civilian applications

This article is almost converting military technology. For the American veterans' NPO, run across Swords to Plowshares.

Paw-separated large candlestick church building chandelier with brass wax drip tray - German democratic republic around 1980 - Use of armoured steel and brass - Single piece - Weight 10 kilograms

Swords to ploughshares (or plowshares) is a concept in which military weapons or technologies are converted for peaceful civilian applications.

The phrase originates from the Book of Isaiah:

Many peoples shall come and say, "Come up, let u.s. go upwardly to the mount of the LORD , to the business firm of the God of Jacob; that he may teach us his ways and that we may walk in his paths." For out of Zion shall go along teaching, and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem. He shall judge between the nations, and shall arbitrate for many peoples; they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks; nation shall not lift upwards sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more. –

The ploughshare (Hebrew: אֵת 'êṯ, also translated coulter) is often used to symbolize creative tools that benefit humankind, as opposed to destructive tools of war, symbolized by the sword (Hebrew: חֶרֶב ḥereḇ), a similar abrupt metallic tool with an arguably opposite use.

In addition to the original Biblical Messianic intent, the expression "shell swords into ploughshares" has been used past disparate social and political groups.

An ongoing instance equally of 2013 is the dismantling of nuclear weapons and the apply of their contents as fuel in civilian electric power stations, the Megatons to Megawatts Programme. Nuclear fission development, originally accelerated for World War Two weapons needs, has been applied to many civilian purposes since its use at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, including electricity and radiopharmaceutical production.

Biblical references [edit]

Mosaic in the Beit Habad Gallery, Jerusalem, quoting Isaiah 2:4, with lion, spear and spade.

This analogy is used several times in the Erstwhile Attestation or Tanakh, in both directions, such as in the following verses:

He shall approximate between the nations, and shall arbitrate for many peoples; they shall vanquish their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks; nation shall not elevator up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war whatsoever more.

Beat your plowshares into swords, and your pruning hooks into spears; let the weakling say, "I am a warrior."

He shall judge between many peoples, and shall arbitrate between stiff nations far away; they shall vanquish their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks; nation shall non lift upwards sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more.

An expression of this concept can exist seen in a statuary statue in the United Nations garden called Let Us Vanquish Swords into Plowshares, a gift from the Soviet Wedlock sculpted by Evgeniy Vuchetich, representing the figure of a human being hammering a sword into the shape of a ploughshare.

Practical applications [edit]

• Afterwards World War II, military surplus AFVs were sometimes converted into bulldozers, agricultural, and logging tractors, as seen in the American television series Axe Men.^[1] Ii are currently preserved at the Swords and Ploughshares Museum in Canada.^{[two] [three]} French farmers sometimes used modified versions of the obsolete FT-17 tank, and similar vehicles, based on the T-34 tank, remain in widespread use in the one-time USSR.^[4] A British agricultural engineer and collector of archetype tractors, owns a Sherman tank that was adjusted to plow Lincolnshire's fields in response to the shortage of crawler tractors.^[two]
• From the 1970s onwards, several anti-state of war musicians play guitars made from military surplus weapons. Jamaican reggae star Pete Tosh famously owned a Stratocaster built around an One thousand-16 rifle.^[5] In the present day the Escopetarra, a guitar converted from the AK-47, is the signature instrument of César López, Souriya Sunshine and Sami Lopakka of the Finnish death metal band Sentenced.^[vi]
• Nitrogen mustard, developed from the chemical weapon mustard gas developed in World State of war I,^[7] became the basis for the world'due south first chemotherapy drug, mustine, developed through the 1940s.^[8]
• Peaceful nuclear explosions, the application of nuclear detonations to civilian applications such as excavation and mining, explored by the United states (Project Plowshare) and USSR (Nuclear Explosions for the National Economy). However, the nuclear fallout and other contagion produced quickly rendered such programs impractical.
• Swedish aid organization IM Swedish Development Partner launched Humanium Metal, using metallic from illegal handguns to create everyday objects. The first product announced was headphones past Yevo.^[nine]
• The Global Positioning System was originally developed to enable more authentic strikes with long-range weapons by the The states, only its purpose was subsequently expanded to include civilian applications such equally personal navigation assistants.
• The Plowshares movement (British, Christian, founded by Daniel Berrigan), Trident Ploughshares (British) and Pitstop Ploughshares (United states of america, Christian) are peace movements, inspired by the book of Isaiah, in which participants attempt to damage or destroy modernistic weapons, such as nuclear missiles.
• The Megatons to Megawatts Programme, agreed to in 1993 by the The states and Russia, successfully converted 500 metric tonnes of fuel from Soviet-era nuclear warheads into fuel for nuclear power plants over a period of 20 years.^[10]

In political and pop civilisation [edit]

• The Starry Plow, a flag associated with revolutionary Irish republicanism and socialism, features a sword as the plowshare.
• Twelve-term U.s.a. Congressman and 3-time presidential candidate Ron Paul wrote a book entitled Swords into Plowshares: A Life in Wartime and a Future of Peace and Prosperity, in which he discusses growing up during World War 2 and living his life through state of war subsequently state of war.^[xi]
• In his farewell address, U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower, when speaking about the military–industrial complex, stated:

Until the latest of our earth conflicts, the U.s.a. had no armaments industry. American makers of plowshares could, with time and as required, make swords every bit well. Only now we can no longer risk emergency improvisation of national defense; we accept been compelled to create a permanent armaments manufacture of vast proportions. Added to this, three and a one-half million men and women are directly engaged in the defense institution. We annually spend on military security more the net income of all United States corporations.

• For his first and second inaugurations, U.S. President Richard Nixon took the adjuration of office with his mitt on two family unit Bibles, opened to Isaiah 2:ii–iv.^{[12] [13] [14]}
• In their speeches at the signing of the 1979 Egypt–Israel peace treaty, Jimmy Carter, Anwar Sadat, and Menachem Begin all referenced the saying in calling for peace.^[15]
• In Ronald Reagan'southward address to the 42nd Session of the United Nations General Assembly in New York, New York.^[16]

Cannot swords be turned to plowshares? Tin we and all nations not live in peace? In our obsession with antagonisms of the moment, nosotros often forget how much unites all the members of humanity. Perhaps we demand some outside, universal threat to make united states recognize this common bail. I occasionally think how quickly our differences earth-wide would vanish if we were facing an alien threat from outside this world. And withal, I ask y'all, is non an conflicting strength already among united states of america? What could be more alien than state of war and the threat of war?

• The song "Ashes In Your Mouth" past Megadeth^[17] uses a reference to plows and shear to swords:

Melting downward all metals, turning plows and shears to swords
Shun words of the Bible, nosotros demand implements of war
Chalklines and red puddles of those who have been slain
Destiny, that crooked schemer, says the dead shall rise again

• The pop anti-war song "The Vine and Fig Tree" from the Greenham Mutual Women'due south Peace Camp Songbook repeats the verse^[xviii]

And everyone neath their vine and fig tree
shall live in peace and unafraid,
Everyone neath their vine and fig tree
shall live in peace and unafraid.
And into ploughshares beat out their swords
Nations shall larn war no more.
And into ploughshares beat out their swords
Nations shall learn war no more.

• The song "The Stop of the Innocence" by Don Henley (1989) uses the Joel inverted version of the phrase:

O' beautiful, for spacious skies
Simply now those skies are threatening
They're beating plowshares into swords
For this tired erstwhile man that nosotros elected male monarch

• "Heal the World" by Michael Jackson (1991):

Create a world with no fear
Together we'll cry happy tears
Run into the nations turn
Their swords into plowshares

• Finale of the musical Les Misérables:

They will live again in liberty
In the garden of the Lord.
They will walk behind the ploughshare,
They will put away the sword.
The chain will be broken
And all men will have their reward.

• A poem past Israeli poet Yehuda Amichai:

Don't end after beating the swords
into plowshares, don't stop! Go on beating
and make musical instruments out of them.
Whoever wants to brand state of war once again
will have to plough them into plowshares offset.

Encounter also [edit]

• Anti-war motion
• Atomic gardening
• Escopetarra
• Guns vs butter
• Projection Plowshare
• Plowshares movement

References [edit]

1. ^ Templar, Simon (11 October 2015). "Civilian Shermans: later on the war – they went to work..." Retrieved 11 June 2017.
2. ^ ^{a b} Spoelstra, Hanno. "Shermans into ploughshares". web.inter.nl.internet . Retrieved 11 June 2017.
3. ^ "The Swords And Ploughshares Museum". www.calnan.com . Retrieved eleven June 2017.
4. ^ "BBC NEWS – Monitoring – Media reports – Ukraine turns tank into tractor". news.bbc.co.great britain . Retrieved 11 June 2017.
5. ^ "More Than Music: Peter Tosh And His M16 Rifle Guitar". Retrieved 11 June 2017.
6. ^ UNODC. "UNODC Perspectives No. 3 – Escopetarra: Musical instrument of peace". www.unodc.org . Retrieved 11 June 2017.
7. ^ United States Department of Land, Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance; United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and Security (May 2004). "Introduction to Industry Implementation of the Chemical Weapons Convention" (PDF). cwc.gov. {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
8. ^ Gilman A (May 1963). "The initial clinical trial of nitrogen mustard". Am. J. Surg. 105 (5): 574–8. doi:10.1016/0002-9610(63)90232-0. PMID 13947966.
9. ^ Kleinman, Zoe (2018). "Illegal guns turned into headphones". BBC News . Retrieved 2018-01-15 .
10. ^ "Megatons to Megawatts program will conclude at the end of 2013 - Today in Energy - U.S. Energy Data Administration (Eia)". www.eia.gov . Retrieved 2020-04-02 .
11. ^ Paul, Ron (17 July 2015). Swords into Plowshares. Ron Paul Institute for Peace and Prosperity. ISBN978-0996426503.
12. ^ United Press International (UPI) (20 January 1973). "Protestors' shouts mar inaugural ceremonies". Retrieved 18 October 2017.
13. ^ "These Are the Bible Verses Past Presidents Have Turned to on Inauguration Day". Time.
14. ^ Ross, Scott (21 January 2013). "Obama'southward Inaugural Bibles: Lincoln, MLK". NBC 6 South Florida . Retrieved 18 October 2017.
15. ^ Public Papers of the Presidents of the U.s.a., Jimmy Carter. Role of the Federal Register. 1979. pp. 518–520.
16. ^ "Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Archives". UTexas.edu. 1987-09-21. Retrieved 2013-01-01 .
17. ^ Concepts, Lucid Design. "Megadeth". Megadeth . Retrieved 2021-12-22 .
18. ^ "Greenham Common Women'southward Peace Camp Songbook". Fredsakademiet.dk. Retrieved 2013-01-01 .

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swords_to_ploughshares

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